How to Care for Kids with URTI: Causes, Symptoms, Remedies

Adults have 2-4 upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) every year, and children have twice that number. Upper respiratory tract infections are common in nearly 6% of Australian general practices. 

Viral infections cause URTIs. Some people resort to unnecessary antibiotic use and treatments, which is why it is important to consult a doctor for effective treatment.

What are the Causes of URTI in Kids?

Viruses, such as rhinovirus, adenovirus, or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are children’s primary cause of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). 

These viruses spread through direct contact, such as touching contaminated surfaces or inhaling droplets from coughs and sneezes. Environmental factors like exposure to smoke or crowded places can increase the risk of URTIs in children.

The URTI symptoms are:

If your child has a virus, they may show a variety of symptoms, including:

• A runny nose
• Red, watery eyes, 
• Sore throat
• Fever
• coughing or sneezing
• vomiting and/or diarrhea
• wanting to sleep more (lethargy)
• not wanting to eat
• feeling generally unwell

What Increases the Risk of Respiratory Infections?

Your child is more prone to developing a URI if they:

• Have frequent close contact with others, like at school or daycare
• Are exposed to tobacco smoke
• Have a weakened immune system
• Suffer from certain allergies
• If your child is under significant stress
• Engage in intense physical activity

When to Seek Doctor’s Help?

You should seek help when:

• Has a fever lasting more than 3-4 days
• Refuses to drink fluids
• Shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, sunken eyes, no tears while crying)
• Experiences ear pain or has fluid leaking from the ear
• Has red eyes or yellow discharge from the eyes
• Has a runny or stuffy nose for over 2 weeks
• Suffers from a severe cough or chest pain
• Appears unusually sick or less energetic

How to Care for Your Child with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection?

Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and reducing fever if it causes discomfort. Antibiotics are rarely needed, as most are viral and self-limiting.

• Do not give cough or cold medicine to children under 12, as it  can cause serious side effects.
• Avoid giving antihistamines to children of any age, as they do not help relieve cold symptoms.

Things you can do to care for your child:

1. Honey: Honey can help with short-term cough in children over 12 months old. It’s preferred over over-the-counter cough and cold medications. 
2. Saline nasal spray or drops: Saline nasal spray or drops can help. 
3. Decongestants: Decongestant nasal sprays or drops, or decongestant tablets or mixtures can help.
4. Pain relievers: Non-prescription pain relievers can help. 
5. Steam: Inhaling steam from a shower.
6. Moisturizer: Applying moisturizer to a dry nose. 

URTIs are common nose, throat, and upper air passage infections, usually caused by a virus. The most common type of URI is the common cold. URIs usually get better on their own without medical treatment. 

Conclusion

Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children and are typically caused by viral infections. While most URTIs resolve independently, proper home care, including rest, hydration, and good hygiene, can help ease symptoms. Avoid unnecessary antibiotic use and always consult a doctor for effective treatment. 

If your child is experiencing severe symptoms, you can request a URTI carer certificate by filling out a simple questionnaire. An Australian licensed healthcare professional will assess the details and, if deemed accurate, will dispense a medical certificate within 6 hours of the request. 

By following these guidelines, you can ensure your child recovers safely and comfortably from a URTI.